Surfactant system and water balance of the lungs in modeling of neurodegeneration and focus of pathological activity in the substantia nigra

Abstract

The comparative analysis of surfactant metabolism and water balance of the lungs in modeling the formation and neurodegeneration focus of pathological activity in the substantia nigra of the brain. Methods. Experiments were performed on male rats — nonlinear, including the control, sham operated with unilateral stereotaxic administration of the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (Sigma) in the substantia nigra compact part and the implantation of cobalt metal nanopowder (Berlin) in the reticular part of the structure. Complex investigations included determination of surfactant phospholipid fractions by thin layer chromatography, total phospholipids and cholesterol in the bronchoalveolar lavage and surface-active properties by the Wilhelmy method, phospholipase activity, lipid peroxidation intensity on the content of TBA-active products in the lung tissue, evaluation of water balance using the gravimetric method. Results. It has been established that the introduction of intranigral neurotoxin and implantation of cobalt in the structure of the brain called the deterioration of the surface activity of the alveolar lining set against the backdrop of an imbalance of fractional composition of surfactant lipids with multidirectional changes in the amount of phospholipids and the degree of hydration of the lung. Induction focus of pathological activity in the substantia nigra was accompanied by an increase in alveolar phospholipids by lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylethanolamine, intensification of lipid peroxidation of the lung tissue and organ hyperhydration. Modeling neurodegeneration — reduction of total phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine accumulation in terms of activation of phospholipase hydrolysis, increasing blood supply to the lungs. Conclusion. Metabolism of surfactant lipids and water balance in the lung, along with changes of rhythmogenesis and mode of ventilation, may lead to the development of disregulation of pneumopathy with dysfunction of the substantia nigra of the brain.