Etiopathogenetic mechanisms of disadaptive disorders in students during training
Abstract
Aim. Based of published reports to analyze risk factors for development of disadaptive disorders (DD) and to elucidate pathogenetic mechanisms of DD development during education for their timely prevention and correction. Methods. In this study, general scientific methods of theoretical knowledge were used, such as abstraction, analysis and synthesis, analogy, induction and deduction, and mental modeling. Results. This review examined the literature on development of DD in people during training. We presented evidence that borderline disorders of adaptation are bifunctional and characterized by an asymptomatic course. The role of sociogenic, environmental factors in the occurrence of DD was established. Emphasis was placed on the fact that DD often develop in the process of learning under the influence of adverse environmental factors and lifestyle. Opinions on the role of etiologic risk factors in the development of DD were presented. Features of psychosomatic disorders, psychophysiological status, and manifestations of maladaptation in students were discussed. Current ideas about the DD organization and different types of body adaptation to the conditions of educational environment were analyzed in detail. The author focused on the effect of typology on the level of adaptation (maladaptation) in the body and the systemic organization of mental functions. Activation of limbic-reticular formations, dysfunction of mid-brain stem structures, and disintegration of cortical-subcortical relationships were shown to play a leading role in the pathogenesis of DD. Conclusion. A detailed understanding of DD mechanisms allows to use different methods for prevention of DD. Some non-drug and pharmacological methods for DD correction and sanatorium rehabilitation of students were discussed in this review. Identifying true mechanisms for development of maladaptive disorders will provide a solution of many issues in pathophysiology of brain integrative activity. This, in turn, will help finding ways to correct psychosomatic disorders and to use more effective methods in medical and psychological care.
Downloads
References
2. Alexander Y.A. Sociogenic mental disorders. Rossiyskiy psikhiatricheskiy zhurnal. 2014; (3): 21-4. (in Russian)
3. Kasatkina N.E., Semenkova T.N. The problem of high school students to adapt to the processes of learning and maintaining health. Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta kul'tury i iskusstv. 2012; 1(18): 165-73. (in Russian)
4. Rubchenko A.K. Socio-psychological factors of disadaptation of students. Mezhdunarodnyy akademicheskiy vestnik. 2014; (2): 22-5. (in Russian)
5. Novozhenina V.S. The problem of psychological and socio-psychological adaptation of first-year students at the South Ural State Medical University. Vestnik Soveta molodykh uchenykh i spetsialistov Chelyabinskoy oblasti. 2014; (5): 104-8. (in Russian)
6. Pogonysheva I.A., Pogonyshev D.A., Lukyanenko Y.G. Interconnection levels of anxiety and disadaptation of students. Vestnik Surgutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2015; 3(9): 65-9. (in Russian)
7. Postnova M.V. The system of measures to improve adaptation to the university environment. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Series 11: Natural sciences. 2013; 2(6): 69-78. (in Russian)
8. Buduk-ool L.K., Khovalyg A.M., Saryg S.K. Features of socially-psychological adaptation and psycho-emotional status of first-year students of some faculties of the University. Vestnik Tuvinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Estestvennye I selskokhozyaystvennye nayki. 2015; 2(25): 26-34. (in Russian)
9. Mazurkiewicz R., Korenstein D., Fallar R., Ripp J. The prevalence and correlations of medical student burnout in the pre-clinical years: a cross-sectional study. Psychol Health Med. 2012; 17(2): 188-95.
10. Berestneva O.G. Urazaev A.M., Shelekhov I.L. The main stages of individual adaptation. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2013; (6): 711-17. (in Russian)
11. Borax L.V., Chabanyuk A.S., Pohvalitova O.A. Features of adaptation of freshmen students to study at a higher education institution. Problemy sovremennogo pedagogicheskogo obrazovaniya. 2016; 50(2): 206-12. (in Russian)
12. Finogenko E.I. Autonomic disorders as a criterion of disadaptation state university students. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2015; 4(99): 341-45. (in Russian)
13. Gorchakov V.A., Landa L.A., Matytsyna V.A., Krasnova V.V., Klimenkova E.N., Kholmogorova A.B. Psychological maladjustment in students of secondary and higher vocational education: a comparative analysis. Psikhologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie. 2013; (4): 5-14. (in Russian)
14. Trofimova N.S. Study of the interrelationship of social and psychological adaptation and the subjectivity of college student 's personality. Pedagogicheskoe obozrenie v Rossii. 2013; (3): 116-21. (in Russian)
15. Trofimova N.S. typology features first-year students at the college stage of social and psychological adaptation. Teoriya i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitiya. 2014; (3): 99-103. (in Russian)
16. Shukurov F.A. Interpersonal relations and vegetative status in the evaluation of adaptation capabilities of students. Zdorov'e, demografiya, ekologiya finno-ugorskikh narodov. 2015; (4): 65-8. (in Russian)
17. Sudakov K.V. System organization of mental activity. Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal. 2013; 34 (6): 72-81. (in Russian)
18. Kholmogorova A.B., Klimova I.D. Coping strategies and emotional disadaptation of students with the traits of borderline personality disorder. Konsul'tativnaya psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya. 2014; 2 (81): 153-67. (in Russian)
19. Shifner N.A., Bobrov A.E., Kulygina M.A. Clinical features and options for adaptation dynamics of disorders of students. Vestnik psikhiatrii i psikhologii Chuvashii. 2012; (8): 43-61. (in Russian)
20. Davydova N.S. Psychophysiological monitoring as a method for early diagnosis of school exclusion. Akademicheskiy zhurnal Zapadnoy Sibiri. 2012; (2): 4-5. (in Russian)
21. Boyar L.N., Gorbachev S.V., Potapenko S.V. The value of magnesium deficiency in the formation of vegetative disadaptation of children and adolescents with disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Zaporozhskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2015; 6(93): 29-32. (in Russian)
22. Okladnikov V.I. Psychological diagnostics and therapy in the treatment of disorders neurosomatic. Sibirskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal (Irkutsk). 2014; (8): 120-22. (in Russian)
23. Szabo S., Gyires K. Naming and classification of steroids and human stress ulcers. Articles of historic significance published by Hans Selye 70 years ago. Orv Hetil. 2015; 156(35): 1406-14.
24. Tache Y. Hans selye and the stress response: from "the first mediator" to the identification of the hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor. Ideggyogy Sz. 2014; 67(3-4): 95-8.
25. Notova S.V., Kiyaeva E.V., Alidzhanova I.E. Psychodiagnostics disadaptive violations of students of different social groups. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2015; (3): 228-33. (in Russian)
26. Smolnyakova O.V., Korneeva S.I., Filippenko N.G. To a question about the effectiveness of combined correction manifestations of psychological maladjustment in individuals 18-22 years of preclinical manifestations of autonomic dysregulation. Nauchnye vedomosti Belgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2012; 20/3; 22(141): 66-70. (in Russian)
27. Saninsky V.I. Possibilities of bibliotherapy in the prevention of exclusion. Aktual'nye problemy ekonomiki i menedzhmenta. 2014; 1 (1): 85-9. (in Russian)
28. Tatarinov G.Sh., Otarova N.I. Prevention stressful conditions among students. Novaya nauka: opyt, traditsii, innovatsii. 2016; 5(83): 13-5. (in Russian)
29. Semikin G.I., Hramelashvili V.V., Kushnarev V.M. Prevention and correction of psychological disadaptation of students MSTU of Bauman. Zhivaya psikhologiya. 2016; 3(2): 145-52. (in Russian)
30. Nikolaeva E.N., Kolosova O.N., Yakovleva A.P., Melgueil N.V. Some of the physiological features of the health of students in the north and the possibility of their correction. Vestnik Severo-Vostochnogo federal'nogo universiteta im. M.K. Ammosova. 2012; 9(4): 140-45. (in Russian)
31. Ostapenko I.A. Psychological and pedagogical aspects of adaptation of students of secondary vocational obrazovaniyav university system. Azimut nauchnykh issledovaniy: pedagogika i psikhologiya. 2016; 2(15): 120-23. (in Russian)
