Helianthus tuberosus aerial parts: An emerging source of bioactive constituents
Keywords:
biological activity, anti-inflammatory activity, specific enzymatic bioassay systems, Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke) herb extract
Abstract
This study investigates the pharmacological properties of a dry extract obtained from Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke) herb, a rich source of bioactive compounds (BAC), including phenolic derivatives with demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective effects. The research focuses on a standardized dry extract containing 5.13±0.44% total phenolics (expressed as chlorogenic acid equivalents), alongside fractionated BACs of differential polarity (ethyl acetate, butanol, alcoholic, and aqueous fractions). Building upon prior findings confirming the extract’s hepatoprotective efficacy-evidenced by its mitigation of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in rats through biochemical and histopathological assessments—this work elucidates the mechanistic basis of such effects and evaluates its anti-inflammatory potential using in vitro and in vivo models. Mechanistic studies employed specialized enzymatic bioassay systems (cytochrome P450, glutathione transferase, and inducible NO synthase) from the VILAR Research Institute’s Biological Collection to delineate the detoxification and anti-inflammatory pathways. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity was assessed via a formalin-induced murine paw edema model, wherein the extract elicited a statistically significant 15% reduction in edema. Complementary in vitro analyses revealed enzyme-BAC interactions as a plausible molecular foundation for the observed bioactivity. Collectively, these findings underscore the therapeutic potential of H. tuberosus extract as a candidate for developing novel plant-derived pharmaceuticals with hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory applications.
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References
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28. Lee IS, Kim SK, Jeon MH, Jeon WK. Ethyl acetate extract from tissue-cultured mountain ginseng adventitious roots inhibits in vitro platelet aggregation in whole human blood and augments peripheral blood flow in mice. J Ginseng Res. 2011: 35:442–448.
29. Murthy HN, Dandin VS, Paek KY. Hepatoprotective activity of ginsenosides from Panax ginseng adventitious roots against carbon tetrachloride treated hepatic injury in rats. J Ethanopharmacol 2014; 158: 442–446.
30. Oh CH, Kang PS, Kim JW, Kwon J, Oh SH. Water extracts of cultured mountain ginseng stimulate immune cells and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Food Sci .Biotechnol. 2006; 15:369–373.
31. Xu GH, Choo SJ, Ryoo IJ, Kim YH, Paek KY, Yoo ID. Polyacetylenes from the tissue cultured adventitious roots of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Nat. Prod. Sci. 2008; 14:177–181.
32. Kim TH, Jeon SH, Han EJ, Paek KY, Park JK, Youn NY, Lee HL. Effects of tissue-cultured mountain ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) extract on male patients with erectile dysfunction. Asian J. Androl. 2009; 11:356–361.
33. Lee EJ, Zhao HL, Li DW, Jeong CS, Kim JH, Kim YS. Effect of MeOH extract of adventitious root culture of Panax ginseng on hyperleidemic rat induced by high fat rich diet. Korean. J. Pharmacogn. 2003; 34:179–184.
34. Park JS, Hwang SY, Lee WS, Yu KW, Paek KY, Hwang BY, Han K. The therapeutic effect of tissue cultured root of wild Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer on spermatogenetic disorder. Arch. Pharm. Res. 2006; 29:800–807.
2. Panossian A, Wikman G, Wagner H. Plant adaptogens III. Earlier and more recent aspects and concepts on their mode of action. Phytomedicine. 1999; 6 (4): 287-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(99)80023-3.
3. Cordell GA. Sustainable medicines and global health care. Planta Med. 2011; 77 (11):1129-38. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1270731.
4. Zenk MH. The impact of plant cell culture on industry. In Frontiers of Plant Tissue Culture. International Association for Plant Tissue Culture. 1978; 1–13.
5. Liberti LE, Der Mardersian A. Evaluation of commercial ginseng products. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 1978; 10: 1487–89.
6. Murthy HN, Georgiev MI, Kim YS, Jeong CS, Kim SJ, Park SY, Paek KY. Ginsenosides: prospective for sustainable biotechnological production. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2014; 98(14):6243-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-5801-9.
7. Jeziorek М, Sykłowska-Baranek К, Pietrosiuk A. Hairy Root Cultures for the Production of Anti-cancer Naphthoquinone Compounds. Current Medicinal Chemistry. 2018; 25(36): 4718 – 39. https://doi.org/ 10.2174/0929867324666170821161844.
8. Esmaealzadeh N, Iranpanah A, Sarris J, Rahimi R. A literature review of the studies concerning selected plant-derived adaptogens and their general function in body with a focus on animal studies Phytomedicine. 2022; 105:1543-54. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154354.
9. Murthy HN, Dandin VS, Park S-Y, Paek K-Y. Quality, safety and efficacy profiling of ginseng adventitious roots produced in vitro. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2018; 102(17): 7309-17. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s00253-018-9188-x.
10. Pu W-L, Zhang M-Y, Bai R-Y, Sun L-K, Li W-H, Yu Y-L, Zhang Y, Song L, Wang Z-X, Peng Y-F, Shi H, Zhou K, Li T-X. Anti-inflammatory effects of Rhodiola rosea L.: A review. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2020; 121: 109552. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109552.
11. Marchev А, Dinkova-Kostova А, György Z, Mirmazloum I, Aneva I, Georgiev М. Rhodiola rosea L.: from golden root to green cell factories. Phytochemistry Reviews. 2016; 15: 515–536. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11101-016-9453-5.
12. Phillipson JD, Anderson LA. Ginseng-quality, safety and efficacy? Pharm J. 1984; 232:161–165.
13. Paek KY, Murthy HN, Hahn EJ, Zhong JJ. Large scale culture of ginseng adventitious roots for production of ginsenosides. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/biotechnology. 2009; 113:151–176. doi: 10.1007/10_2008_31.
14. Asyakina L, Sukhikh S, Ivanova S, Prosekov A, Ulrikh E, Chupahin E, Babich O. Determination of the Qualitative Composition of Biologically-Active Substances of Extracts of In Vitro Callus, Cell Suspension, and Root Cultures of the Medicinal Plant Rhodiola rosea. Biomolecules. 2021; 11:365. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11030365.
15. Wu S, Zu Y, Wu M. High yield production of salidroside in the suspension culture of Rhodiola sachalinensis. J Biotechnol. 2003; 106(1):33-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2003.07.009.
16. Nonclinical Drug Study Guidelines. Part one. [Rukovodstvo po provedeniyu doklinicheskih issledovanij lekarstvennyh sredstv. CHast' pervaya]. Еd. A.N. Mironova. Moscow; Vulture and K; 2012. (in Russian).
17. Sernov, L.N., Gatsura V.V. Elements of experimental pharmacology. [Elementy eksperimental'noj farmakologii]. Moscow; Medicine; 2000. (in Russian).
18. Lupanova IA, Strelkova LB, Savina TA, Ferubko EV. Study of biological activity of Rhodiola Rosea L. extract from cell culture using specific enzyme biotest systems in vitro. Voprosy obespecheniya kachestva lekarstvennyh sredstv.2017; 3 (17): 9-15. (in Russian).
19. Lupanova I.A., Tsybulko N.C., Savina T.A., Ferubko E.V. Study of the biological activity of an extract from the biomass of common ginseng (Panax Ginseng c.a. Mey) using specific enzyme biotest systems in vitro. Razrabotka i registraciya lekarstvennyh sredstv. 2017; 3 (20): 104-106. (in Russian).
20. Kurkin V.A. Phenylpropanoids as the most important group of biologically active compounds of medicinal plants. Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnal prikladnyh i fundamental'nyh issledovanij. 2015; 12 (7): 1338-1342. (in Russian).
21. Makarenko A.N., Karandeeva Yu.K. Adaptation to hypoxia as a protective mechanism in pathological states. Vestnik problem biologii i mediciny. 2013; 2 (100): 27-32. (in Russian).
22. Lagunin A, Povydysh M, Ivkin D, Luzhanin V et al. Antihypoxic Action of Panax Japonicus, Tribulus Terrestris and Dioscorea Deltoidea Cell Cultures: In Silico and Animal Studies. Molecular Informatics. 2020;39(11):e2000093. doi: 10.1002/minf.202000093.
23. Ali MB, Hahn EJ, Paek K-Y Protective role of Panax ginseng extract on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in polyethylene glycol induced Spathiphyllum leaves. Biochem Eng J. 2006; 32(3):143–148.
24. Lim HK, Kim YW, Lee DH, Cho SK, Cho M. The antifibrotic and antioxidant activities of hot water extract of adventitious root culture of Panax ginseng (ARCP). J. Appl. Biol Chem. 2007; 50:74–84.
25. Murthy HN, Dandin VS, Lee EJ, Paek KY. Efficacy of ginseng adventitious root extract on hyperglycemia in streptozotocininduced diabetic rats. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2014b; 153:917–921.
26. Hong MH, Lim HK, Park JE, Jun NJ, Lee YJ, Cho M, Cho SK. The antihypertensive and vasodilating effects of adventitious root extracts of wild ginseng. J. Korean. Soc. Appl. Biol. Chem. 2008; 51:102–107.
27. Yu GJ, Choi IW, Kim GY, Kim BW, Park C, Hong SH, Moon SK, Cha HJ, Chang YC, Paek KY, Kim WJ, Choi YH. Antiinflammatory potential of saponins derived from cultured wild ginseng root in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Int. J. Mol .Med. 2015; 35:1690–1698.
28. Lee IS, Kim SK, Jeon MH, Jeon WK. Ethyl acetate extract from tissue-cultured mountain ginseng adventitious roots inhibits in vitro platelet aggregation in whole human blood and augments peripheral blood flow in mice. J Ginseng Res. 2011: 35:442–448.
29. Murthy HN, Dandin VS, Paek KY. Hepatoprotective activity of ginsenosides from Panax ginseng adventitious roots against carbon tetrachloride treated hepatic injury in rats. J Ethanopharmacol 2014; 158: 442–446.
30. Oh CH, Kang PS, Kim JW, Kwon J, Oh SH. Water extracts of cultured mountain ginseng stimulate immune cells and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Food Sci .Biotechnol. 2006; 15:369–373.
31. Xu GH, Choo SJ, Ryoo IJ, Kim YH, Paek KY, Yoo ID. Polyacetylenes from the tissue cultured adventitious roots of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Nat. Prod. Sci. 2008; 14:177–181.
32. Kim TH, Jeon SH, Han EJ, Paek KY, Park JK, Youn NY, Lee HL. Effects of tissue-cultured mountain ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) extract on male patients with erectile dysfunction. Asian J. Androl. 2009; 11:356–361.
33. Lee EJ, Zhao HL, Li DW, Jeong CS, Kim JH, Kim YS. Effect of MeOH extract of adventitious root culture of Panax ginseng on hyperleidemic rat induced by high fat rich diet. Korean. J. Pharmacogn. 2003; 34:179–184.
34. Park JS, Hwang SY, Lee WS, Yu KW, Paek KY, Hwang BY, Han K. The therapeutic effect of tissue cultured root of wild Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer on spermatogenetic disorder. Arch. Pharm. Res. 2006; 29:800–807.
Published
27-10-2025
How to Cite
Lupanova I. A., Ferubko E. V., Kurmanova E. N., Timokhina A. S., Dydykina A. A., Semkina O. A. Helianthus tuberosus aerial parts: An emerging source of bioactive constituents // Patologicheskaya Fiziologiya i Eksperimental’naya Terapiya (Pathological physiology and experimental therapy). 2025. VOL. 69. № 4. PP. 196–205.
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